The ravanahatha's birth itself is believed to have taken place under traumatic circumstances. Ravana served Shiva using the soulful music emanating from the ravanahatha.Īfter the 11th century, the ravanahatha underwent many changes and it took the shape of the modern violin in Italy in the 16th century. According to the legend, Ravana was an ardent devotee of the Hindu god Shiva. Ravanahatha is known as the first musical instrument with strings to be played with a bow and recognised as the world's first violin. Ravanahatha (Ravanastron) is a violin made of goat gut, coconut wood, coconut shell, and bamboo, with horsehair or a natural fibre serving as the string. Like most other acoustic string instruments, it has a soundboard to make the vibration of the strings audible. Melodies are played on a keyboard that presses tangents (small wedges, usually made of wood) against one or more of these strings to change their pitch. This wheel, turned with a crank, functions much like a violin bow, making the instrument essentially a mechanical violin. The hurdy gurdy (also known as a wheel fiddle) is a stringed musical instrument in which the strings are sounded by means of a rosined wheel which the strings of the instrument pass over. Two strings are attached from the pegs to the base, and a small loop of string (qian jin) placed around the neck and strings acting as a nut pulls the strings towards the skin, holding a small wooden bridge in place. The erhu consists of a long vertical stick-like neck, at the top of which are two large tuning pegs, and at the bottom is a small resonator body (sound box) which is covered with python skin on the front (playing) end. The ektara usually has a stretched single string, an animal skin over a head (made of dried pumpkin/gourd, wood or coconut) and pole neck or split bamboo cane neck. In origin the ektara was a regular string instrument of wandering bards and minstrels from India and is plucked with one finger. While the double bass is nearly identical in construction to the other violin family instruments, it also has features which may be derived from the viols.Įktara (Bengali: একতারা, Punjabi: ਇਕ ਤਾਰ literally "one-string", also called iktar, ektar, yaktaro gopichand) is a one-string instrument used in Bangladesh, India and Pakistan. It is uncertain whether the instrument is a descendant of the viola da gamba or from the violin, but it is traditionally considered to be a member of the violin family. In addition, it is used in other genres such as jazz, 1950s-style blues and rock and roll, rockabilly/psychobilly, bluegrass, and tango.ĭouble basses are constructed from several types of wood, including maple for the back, spruce for the top, and ebony for the fingerboard. It is a standard member of the string section of the symphony orchestra and smaller string ensembles in Western classical music. The double bass, also known as contrabass or upright bass, is the largest and lowest-pitched bowed string instrument used in the modern symphony orchestra. Typical sizes for the pear-shaped instrument range from one to two meters. Modern instruments also have silk or nylon strings. With the coming of the Silk Road, the strings were made from twisted silk. In the instrument's 15th century beginnings in the hands of shepherds, its strings were made from gut. Some versions of the dotara have four strings instead of two. In West Bengal and Bangladesh, the instrument is played by the baul community, and is called dotara. When played, the strings are usually plucked by the Uyghurs of Western China and strummed and plucked by the Uzbeks, Tajiks, Turkmen, and Afghan people. Its name comes from the Persian word for "two strings", dotar (do "two", tar "string"), although the Herati dutar of Afghanistan has 14 strings. The dutar also dotar or doutar is a traditional long-necked two-stringed lute found in Central Asia and South Asia.
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